Internal-combustion engine.



C. A. JUENGSI,

INTERNAL COIIIBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I3. I9I5 neueren sirname radianti onirica.'

CHARLES A. JUENGST, 0F CROTON FALLS, NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

.Application filed March 13, 1915.

To all iii/tom t may concern:

Be it known that l, @Harnais A.. J'UnNes'r, a citizen ot the United States, and a resident of Groton Falls, in the county of Nestchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lnternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates generally to internal combustion engines, and has more particularly reference to two-cycle engines.

As is well known, great difficulty is encountered7 in two-cycle engines, in preventing the products of combustion from mingling with the 'uel. IThis is due to the inability to properly localize the fresh charge with. respect to the ignition means, and because the charge is not admitted to the combustion chamber in such a way that the naturel flow of the gases will result in a scavenging ot the cylinder substantially without mingling the fuel and the products ot' combustion.

The mingling of the spent gases with the fresh charge results in a mixture of poor quality-at times so poor that an explosion will not take place. rlhis detect is especially apparent when the engine is ruiming at high speed under a light load. At such times the highest etiiciency should be olotained by the use of a minimum charge. llf'ith the constructions now employed, however, the dil'liculty of localizing the charge increases with the diminution oi' the charge, and consequently it is not possible to obtain the requisite power without the use ot an undue amount oi fuel. This detracts materially from the efficiency of operation..

The main object ot' this invention is to overcome these diliicultics. and to accomplish this by simple and inexpensive means.

Other objects will appear as the specilii-ation proceeds.

in accordance with the foregoing objects the invention consists of means .for introducing fuel substantially at the end of the power stroke of the piston into one end of the coinbn. chamber at a. point adjacent to the iv means under sullicient coinpression in a consi n y widening stream it point o 'ssion, which stream roansion d splaf'cs nets of c own localiz non adjacent to tire ignition means on -le compression stroke the piston.

Patented Sept. 25, it?.

sel-iai no. 14,062.

Treating the invention more specilically, the cylinder and the piston together 'form a combustion chamber which is characterized by an end portion of relatively small capacity which gradually widens in one direction and in which the fresh mixture is localized on the compression stroke, an ignition means in said end portion adjacent to which a minimum charge can be confined, together with means Jfor admitting the charge under compression in substantially the narrowest part of said end portion.

rlhe requisite compression may be obtained in any suitable manner but preferably, as here shown, a compression chamber is formed by the hollow piston, the cylinder and the crank casing,` which serve to conipress the charge within the compression chamber on the power stroke of the piston.

In the specific embodiment of the invention herein disclosed the end portion of small capacity which gradually widens in one direction is produced by providing the cylinder with a tapering portion running from the main portion of the cylinder to a supplemental extension of smaller diameter than the-main portion and in providing t ie hollow piston with a hollow plunger suitably connected to said piston.

Also in the present embodiment of the invention the means for admitting the charge and for exhausting the products of comb-ustion comprise valveless ports' which are opened by the reciprocating movement of the piston in properly' timed relation with respect to the other parts of the engine.

In the accompanying drawings the in.- vention is disclosed in aY concrete and preferred form but changes ot construction may be made without departing 'from the legitimate and intended scope of the invention as expressed in the, appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical sectional view of a 4two-cycle engine embodying the invention,

with the piston shown at the end of the compression stroke.

Fig. 2 is a View similar to Fig. l withthe piston shown at the end of thepower stroke. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional View on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. l is a horizontal sectional viewon the line 4 4 of Fig. l.

Fi 5 is a horizontal sectional View on the line 5-5 of Fig., 4. y

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail view of the end portion of the combustion chamber showing the flow of the gases at the moment ot' admission of the charge.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different views.

1 indicates the cylinder of the engine provided with a main portion 2 and with a supplemental hollow extension 3, there being a tapered portion 4 which connects the main portion of the cylinder and the supplemental hollow extension. At the lower end of the main portion 2 of the cylinder is the crank casing 5 which is, in the present instance, air tight. 6 indicates lahollew piston consisting of the main portion 7, a hollow plunger 8 and a suitable connecting portion 9, in the present instance of tapered format-ion, between the portion.`K 7 and 8. The piston 6 is connected to the crank shaft 10 by means `of the crank 11 and connecting rod 12 in the f l manner. 13 is the inlet. 14 is the exhaust port leading from the annular chamber 15 which communicates with the main portion of the cylinder by means of the ports 16 at the proper point in the cycle of the machine. 17 indicate ports in 'the hiollow plunger establishing communication between the said hollow plunger-and the cylinder. Adjacent to said ports 17 is the conical-shaped lire-screen 18 which prevents eifglosion within the piston. 19 is'the ignition means shown here as a spark plug of conventional type.

It will be noted particularly from Figs. 2 and 6 that the cylinder and the piston together form a combustion chamber having yan end portion of relatively small capacity which gradually widens in one direction. In this end portion of the combustion chamber there is located the spark plug 19.

Now upon the power stroke of the piston the ports 16 are uncovered, thus permitting the productsof combustion to escape therethrough and thence to the exhaust, and substantially at this time the ports 17 in the hollow plunger reach substantially the narrowest point of said end portion and permits 'the fresh charge to enter. Since the piston compresses the charge within the compression chamber, formed by the hollow piston, cylinder and crank casing, upon the power stroke, the fresh charge will enter through the ports 17 in a constantly widening stream, which stream by its expansion displaces the products of combustion en masse and substantially without mingling therewith and without trapping any of the products of combustion in the end portion of the combustion chamber. The result is that upon the compression stroke of the piston the fresh charge is localized in said end portion adjacent to the ignition means, thereby insuring an ei'ective explosion and also admitting of a minimum charge being used when the engine is running at high speed:

In Fig. 6 the iow of the gases in the end portion has been illustrated, from which it will be seen that the fresh charge 20 enters the combustion chamber in a constantly widening stream and drives the spent gases 21 en masse in front of it.

I am familiar with the following patents and disclaim what is disclosed therein:

Burger, 585,651, July 6, 1897,

lVoolery, 1,101,374, June 23, 1914,

Bissell, 871,819, Nov. 19, 1907,

Sim, 592,669, oct. 28, 1897,

001e, 906,773, Dee. 15, 1908,

Eighmie, 1,076,877, Oct. 28, 1913,

stahl, 969,169, Feb. a9, 1910,

Wolcott, 864,818, sept. 8, 1907,

Radovanovic, 780,812, Jan. 24, 1906,

Heermans, 980,946, Jan. l0, 1911.

What I do claim is:

A two-cycle engine comprising: a cylinder and a piston forming a combustion chamber having an end portion of relatively small capacity which gradually widens in one direction from the point of admission and in which the fresh mixture is localized on the compression stroke, ignition means.

in said end portion adjacent to which a ,minimum charge can be conined, and a valveless port of substantially the same area as the small end portion of said combustion chamber, said port being controlled by 'the reciprocation of the piston for admit- CHARLES A. JUENGST.

Vitnesses AXEL Y. BEEKEN,

TERESA V. LYNCH. 

